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Sinusitis

A condition in which the cavities around the nasal passages become inflamed. It can be acute or chronic, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, allergies, or even an autoimmune reaction. If symptoms last more than 7 to 10 days, or if there is a fever or a bad headache, you should see your doctor. Symptoms include headache, facial pain, runny nose and nasal congestion.

Types

Sinusitis always involves nasal swelling and a buildup of mucus, but there are different types, and they can last for different lengths of time.

The different types are:

• 1. Acute sinusitis: This lasts up to 4 weeks and is the most common type.
• 2. Sub acute sinusitis: Symptoms last longer than the normal acute period, for between 4 and 12 weeks.
• 3. Chronic sinusitis: Symptoms persist, or continually return, after 12 weeks. It may need more invasive treatment, and possibly surgery.

Symptoms

• 1. facial pain and pressure
• 2. blocked nose
• 3. nasal discharge
• 4. reduced sense of smell
• 5. congestion
• 6. cough
• 7. fever
• 8. halitosis, or foul-smelling breath
• 9. tiredness
• 10. toothache
• 11. headache

What causes sinusitis?

Sinusitis can be caused by a virus, bacteria, or fungus that swells and blocks the sinuses. A few specific causes include:

• 1. The common cold.
• 2. Nasal and seasonal allergies
• 3. Polyps (growths).
• 4. A weak immune system from illness or medications.
• 5. For infants and young children, spending time in day cares, using pacifiers or drinking bottles while lying down could increase the chances of getting sinusitis.
• 6. For adults, smoking increases the risks for sinus infections. If you smoke, you should stop. Smoking is harmful to you and to the people around you.

Risk factors

You're at increased risk of getting chronic sinusitis if you have:

• A deviated septum
• Nasal polyps
• Asthma
• Aspirin sensitivity
• A dental infection
• An immune system disorder such as HIV/AIDS or cystic fibrosis
• Hay fever or another allergic condition
• Regular exposure to pollutants such as cigarette smoke

Prevention

There are many things you can do to reduce your chance of developing sinusitis or to relieve early sinusitis symptoms.

• Bathe your nasal passages daily
• Drink lots of water
• Inhale steam
• Avoid dry environments
• Be nice to your nose

Take these steps to reduce your risk of getting chronic sinusitis:

Avoid upper respiratory infections. Minimize contact with people who have colds. Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially before meals.

Manage your allergies. Work with your doctor to keep symptoms under control. Avoid exposure to things you're allergic to whenever possible.

Avoid cigarette smoke and polluted air. Tobacco smoke and air contaminants can irritate and inflame your lungs and nasal passages.

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